A Comparative Analytical Study of Psychological Concepts of Id, Ego and Super Ego With the Concept of Soul and Its Levels Based on Philosophical, Mystical and Interpretive approaches

Alimoradi, Zahra; Mahkam, Reza

doi:10.22034/psy.2020.13342

A Comparative Analytical Study of Psychological Concepts of Id, Ego and Super Ego With the Concept of Soul and Its Levels Based on Philosophical, Mystical and Interpretive approaches

Authors

Zahra Alimoradi ¹

Reza Mahkam ²

¹ PhD in Islamic Teachings, Faculty of Education and Islamic Thought, University of Tehran

² Assistant Professor at Department of Psychology, Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute

10.22034/psy.2020.13342

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to make an analytical comparison between the concepts of the Id, the Ego and the Super Ego in psychoanalysis and levels of the soul in Islamic teachings with the method of qualitative analysis of texts and the observance of rules and criteria of interpretation. This is an interdisciplinary approach. One of the results of this research is the study of a conceptual model for the levels of the soul based on philosophical, mystical and interpretive approaches and its comparison with the threefold structure of personality in psychoanalysis. It can also provide a paradigm for a better understanding of the psychological concept of Psychic Apparatus: The soul and the revealed soul or “nafs mulhama” can be considered as two areas of the soul with the Id, the wise soul or “snaf aqila” with the Ego and the “nafs lawwama” or soul of the merciful and the evil is equivalent with the Super ego. In psychoanalysis, there is no conceivable correspondence for the levels of self-confidence, one whom God is pleased with, and satisfied due to the differences in the anthropological foundations.

Keywords

Islamic Psychology

Psychic Apparatus

Psychoanalysis

Evolution of the Soul

Mulla Sadra